ULD: unit load devices in air cargo

Definition

A ULD is a load unit designed for air transport. Contours, dimensions and permitted weights depend on the ULD type and aircraft. Loose packages may be built on an air cargo pallet or loaded into a container.

Why does it matter?

ULD planning affects capacity, handling and permitted dimensions. Oversize cargo, centre of gravity, stackability and restraint must be considered during booking.

Key points

• The ULD code and aircraft type determine the usable contour.
• Weight distribution and restraint are safety-critical.
• A shipment does not necessarily remain in the same ULD from shipper to consignee.

Practical example

Several cartons are built onto an air cargo pallet at the airport, secured with a net and loaded into the aircraft as one unit.

Common mistakes

• Treating cargo-hold dimensions as the usable ULD contour
• Failing to disclose overhang or non-stackable surfaces
• Ignoring ULD tare weight and loading equipment